B: Technology
The desire to solve recurrent problems is almost non-existent in Africa!!!
The desire to achieve ambitious objectives, the desire to face insurmountable challenges - we find almost no Africans who "suffer" from this form of creative madness.
Take for example, Kenya: the floods in Budalangi. Is there no one at all who says, "That is my problem. I will and must conquer it at all costs." Whenever you see an African working very hard, he is probably doing so for money.
By the way, "development" does not need very very many people driving the process. It requires just a few super-excellent people. I remember an American saying that "great civilizations walk on the shoulders of giants." Then he told me, "Africa has no giants."
Please read about the British engineer,
Isambard Kingdom Brunel.
Please also read about the African American,
George Washington Carver.
Take a look at
John Snow, who determinedly tracked down the source of a cholera outbreak to water borne germs at a time that people believed that cholera was an airborne contagion. It requires great individualism and
a belief in observation and logic (Africans may still be a bit superstitious and erratic in thought).
These are men who were so determined to achieve their goals that they starved and worked and suffered, Carver turned down a $100,000 per year job (equiv. to $1m today or more), just because of dedication.
In Africa, we are almost like Russians, very fatalistic. "What will be will be." We don't like taking dangerous risks.
We need people who are ready to defy risks and public apprehension or skepticism.